SOL JUSTICIA

Penafsiran Ayat-Ayat Relasi Muslim dan Non-Muslim dalam Kehidupan Bernegara: Reinterpretasi Konsep Ahl al-Dzimmah dalam Perspektif Kewarganegaraan Modern

Fenita Lara Bheta, Sutrisno Hadi — Fri, 05 Jun 2026 04:22:04 +0000

The relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims in state life is an important issue in Islamic thought studies, particularly regarding the concepts of majority–minority relations and ahl al-dhimmah. This study aims to analyze the interpretation of Qur’anic verses concerning Muslim and non-Muslim relations and their relevance in the context of the modern state. The research employed a qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were obtained through the study of Qur’anic verses, classical and contemporary tafsir literature, Islamic thought references, and other relevant academic sources. The analysis was conducted using a thematic interpretation (maudhu’i) approach to comprehensively understand the concepts of majority–minority relations and ahl al-dhimmah. The findings indicate that contextual interpretations of Qur’anic verses are more relevant in fostering tolerant, just, and inclusive relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims within state life. In addition, the concept of ahl al-dhimmah is understood as a historical construct that needs reinterpretation in accordance with the principles of modern citizenship, which emphasize equality of rights and obligations among citizens. This study highlights the importance of integrating text, context, and social dynamics in building harmonious and equitable majority–minority relations in modern states.

Runtuhnya Kekhalifahan Utsmaniyah dan Rekonstruksi Identitas Islam di Era Modern : Kajian Historis-Intelektual

Zulfi Fuadiyah, Farcha Faiza Aulia, Khairunnisa Khairunnisa — Fri, 12 Jun 2026 01:19:35 +0000

The collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate and the dynamics of the reconstruction of Islamic identity in the modern era. The study begins with a conceptual explanation of the caliphate from an Islamic perspective, covering the theological foundations, leadership functions, and its relevance in the socio-political life of the people. The historical journey of the Ottoman Empire from its founding at the end of the 13th century, its golden age under Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih and Sultan Sulaiman al-Qanuni, until its decline due to internal and external factors such as a weak government system, corruption, pressure from nationalism, and advances in Western military technology. It also examines the role of Ottoman intellectual figures, such as Ibrahim Sinasi, Ziya Pasha, Namık Kemal, and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who influenced the direction of reform and modern political thought in Turkey. Through historical and descriptive analysis, it shows that the collapse of the Ottoman Empire was not only a turning point for Islamic world politics, but also gave birth to new discourses on identity, modernity, and the relationship between religion and the state in the context of contemporary Islamic civilization.

Digitalisasi Peradilan di Indonesia: Antara Efisiensi Prosedural dan Tantangan Keadilan Substantif

Aloysius Wisnubroto — Tue, 23 Jun 2026 08:10:20 +0000

The digitalization of the judiciary in Indonesia is a consequence of the development of information technology, which has encouraged the transformation of the judicial system toward a more modern, faster, more transparent, and more efficient process. However, digitalization not only offers procedural convenience but also raises fundamental issues concerning the ability of the digital judicial system to preserve the values of substantive justice. This study aims to analyze the digitalization of the judiciary in Indonesia in relation to procedural efficiency and the challenges of achieving substantive justice. The method used is normative legal research with conceptual and philosophical approaches through doctrinal analysis of legislation, legal doctrines, and relevant literature. The findings show that judicial digitalization can improve case administration efficiency, accelerate case handling, reduce bureaucratic obstacles, and expand public access to judicial information. Nevertheless, the application of digital technology may also create several problems, such as reduced direct interaction between judges and parties, limited understanding of the social context of cases, unequal access to technology, and the risk of shifting the orientation of the judiciary from the pursuit of justice to merely accelerating procedures. This condition indicates a tension between the demand for procedural efficiency and the preservation of substantive justice values. This article contributes by offering a framework that judicial digitalization should be positioned as an instrument to support justice, not as a substitute for humane, contextual, and rights-oriented legal reasoning. Therefore, judicial digitalization in Indonesia must be directed toward a balance between the use of technology, equal access guarantees, and the protection of the fundamental principles of fair trial

Pemanggilan Tanpa Status oleh Penyidik dan Implikasinya terhadap Perlindungan Hak Individu dalam KUHAP Baru

Vincentius Patria Setyawan — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 01:27:51 +0000

Practical summons without the determination of legal status by investigators during the investigative examination stage raises issues within Indonesian criminal procedural law. This is reflected in Article 22 paragraph (1) of Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, which grants investigators the authority, for the purpose of investigation, to summon or approach a person to obtain information without first determining their legal status as a witness or a suspect. This provision has the potential to create legal uncertainty and affect the protection of human rights in the criminal justice process. This research aims to analyze the implications of such summons practices on the protection of human rights and their conformity with the principle of due process of law. The method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings show that Article 22 paragraph (1) contains normative ambiguity because it does not provide clear procedural boundaries regarding the purpose of summons, duration of examination, the right to legal counsel, and the legal consequences of statements obtained from individuals who have not been assigned a legal status. This lack of clarity opens wide discretion for investigators, which may weaken the protection of procedural rights of individuals during the investigation process. Therefore, clearer regulation regarding the legal status of subjects under examination from the outset of investigative actions is required to ensure legal certainty, protection of human rights, and the principle of fair trial

Keabsahan Klausula Baku dan Pilihan Forum Asing Marketplace bagi Perlindungan Konsumen

Ferroka Putra Wathan — Thu, 25 Jun 2026 01:29:19 +0000

On online marketplaces, consumer contracts are not negotiated but imposed as standard-form clauses on a take-it-or-leave-it basis, producing extreme bargaining asymmetry. Exoneration clauses, unilateral amendment clauses, and choice-of-law and choice-of-forum clauses designating foreign jurisdictions frequently shelter behind freedom of contract and party autonomy, which are not absolute. This article tests the validity of such clauses against the prohibition of standard clauses under consumer protection law, the principles of contract law, and the limitation of autonomy through public order (ordre public) and mandatory rules in private international law, and then formulates a prospective arrangement. The method is normative-doctrinal, using statutory, conceptual, case, and limited comparative approaches; Indonesian law is the primary object, while the European Union regime and the doctrine of unconscionability serve as functional mirrors. The testing yields a graded diagnostic: exoneration clauses are null and void and a foreign forum is set aside for stripping access to justice, whereas foreign choice of law is confined to the mandatory protective core. A limited status for amendment with reasonable notice and for proportionate limitation of liability is offered as the author's construction, while the operator's qualification as an active business actor defeats the mere-conduit defense. The central finding is that reactive civil nullity proves illusory, so protection requires a hybrid architecture combining nullity with proportionate administrative supervision bound by the principle of legality, through pre-approval of clauses before publication. The contribution is doctrinal-constructive with epistemic humility: the parameters are normative and deliberately designed to be testable against future jurisprudence.